Good afternoon,
I've created a group of flashcards that can be accessed on any device by downloading the app "Quizlet"
Not only is this tool great for revising your language devices, but it also has a wide variety of flashcards for any subject you need.
To find the language devices flashcard set, click here.
As mentioned, Quizlet can be accessed on your phone, tablet, or even your laptop.
Happy revising!
Friday, April 28, 2017
Monday, March 6, 2017
Jekyll and Hyde - A Brief Overview
Again, brief. This is to help with understanding the most basic information about Jekyll and Hyde.
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Context
The novel was written by Robert Stevenson. He was born in Scotland in 1850. His family background included scientists, engineers, and a religious priests. When we discuss this idea of religion vs science throughout the novel, you can see that this was reflected in Stevenson's life. In 1859, Charles Darwin published The Origin of Species which made it impossible to believe that God created the world in seven days. This made many people see it as an attack on religion. Darwin's theory came at a time of divide between the scientific community and religious community. Many thought that you had to choose between the two. There was no way you could believe in both. Many members of the religious community viewed science and scientists as meddling in matters only God should meddle in. This is essentially what Dr. Jekyll does in the novel.
This novel also came at a time when Victorians viewed people as having a dual nature. That means that people were viewed as being both good and evil. It just depended on what we let people see.
---------
Plot
Here's the deal. I'm going to break down the plot for you, chapter by chapter, in one sentence. (Side note: there is a belief that if you can't explain something in one sentence, you don't really know it, so do with that what you will).
Chapter 1 - Story of the Door
Enfield and Utterson pass a door which reminds Enfield about a story he heard about a strange man named Mr. Hyde that trampled a girl then paid off the family after entering the door and coming out with a check for a large amount of money.
Chapter 2 - Search for Mr. Hyde
Utterson has heard the name of this man before and starts to investigate it because the name is also on his friend, Dr Jekyll's, will and Utterson is worried Hyde wants to kill Jekyll to benefit from the will.
Chapter 3 - Dr Jekyll was Quite at Ease
Utterson speaks to Jekyll about his worries which Jekyll brushes off while assuring Utterson that he can be rid of Hyde any moment he chooses.
Chapter 4 - The Carew Murder Case
An elderly man is murdered by Hyde using half of a walking stick given to Jekyll from Utterson years earlier but there is and has not been any sign of Hyde for two months (though there are witnesses to state he was indeed the one to murder the old man).
Chapter 5 - Incident of the Letter
Jekyll assures Utterson that Hyde will never been seen or heard of again because of a letter that Hyde had written but when the letter is compared to Jekyll's own handwriting, Utterson is forced to believe that Jekyll forged the letter to cover up for Hyde.
Chapter 6 - Remarkable Incident of Dr Lanyon
Lanyon is on his deathbed (he blames Jekyll) but hands Utterson a letter that he says will explain everything (including his own sickness) but not to open it until Jekyll is missing or dead and then Lanyon dies.
Chapter 7 - Incident at the Window
Utterson and Enfield spot Jekyll in a window looking like a prisoner but Jekyll's expression changes to absolute terror, so much so that it "froze the very blood" of the two below.
Chapter 8 - The Last Night
Utterson breaks into Jekyll's lab to find a body that may or may not be his on the floor near a will that has crossed out Hyde's name and has put Utterson instead.
Chapter 9 - Dr Lanyon's Narrative
Lanyon's letter that was given to Utterson is read and describes how a small looking man took a potion and turned into Jekyll before his eyes, causing Lanyon to become ill.
Chapter 10 - Henry Jekyll's Full Statement of the Case
Jekyll tells the story of how he turned into Hyde and how he became addicted to his dark side and how it was so powerful it overtook him.
-------
Context
The novel was written by Robert Stevenson. He was born in Scotland in 1850. His family background included scientists, engineers, and a religious priests. When we discuss this idea of religion vs science throughout the novel, you can see that this was reflected in Stevenson's life. In 1859, Charles Darwin published The Origin of Species which made it impossible to believe that God created the world in seven days. This made many people see it as an attack on religion. Darwin's theory came at a time of divide between the scientific community and religious community. Many thought that you had to choose between the two. There was no way you could believe in both. Many members of the religious community viewed science and scientists as meddling in matters only God should meddle in. This is essentially what Dr. Jekyll does in the novel.
This novel also came at a time when Victorians viewed people as having a dual nature. That means that people were viewed as being both good and evil. It just depended on what we let people see.
---------
Plot
Here's the deal. I'm going to break down the plot for you, chapter by chapter, in one sentence. (Side note: there is a belief that if you can't explain something in one sentence, you don't really know it, so do with that what you will).
Chapter 1 - Story of the Door
Enfield and Utterson pass a door which reminds Enfield about a story he heard about a strange man named Mr. Hyde that trampled a girl then paid off the family after entering the door and coming out with a check for a large amount of money.
Chapter 2 - Search for Mr. Hyde
Utterson has heard the name of this man before and starts to investigate it because the name is also on his friend, Dr Jekyll's, will and Utterson is worried Hyde wants to kill Jekyll to benefit from the will.
Chapter 3 - Dr Jekyll was Quite at Ease
Utterson speaks to Jekyll about his worries which Jekyll brushes off while assuring Utterson that he can be rid of Hyde any moment he chooses.
Chapter 4 - The Carew Murder Case
An elderly man is murdered by Hyde using half of a walking stick given to Jekyll from Utterson years earlier but there is and has not been any sign of Hyde for two months (though there are witnesses to state he was indeed the one to murder the old man).
Chapter 5 - Incident of the Letter
Jekyll assures Utterson that Hyde will never been seen or heard of again because of a letter that Hyde had written but when the letter is compared to Jekyll's own handwriting, Utterson is forced to believe that Jekyll forged the letter to cover up for Hyde.
Chapter 6 - Remarkable Incident of Dr Lanyon
Lanyon is on his deathbed (he blames Jekyll) but hands Utterson a letter that he says will explain everything (including his own sickness) but not to open it until Jekyll is missing or dead and then Lanyon dies.
Chapter 7 - Incident at the Window
Utterson and Enfield spot Jekyll in a window looking like a prisoner but Jekyll's expression changes to absolute terror, so much so that it "froze the very blood" of the two below.
Chapter 8 - The Last Night
Utterson breaks into Jekyll's lab to find a body that may or may not be his on the floor near a will that has crossed out Hyde's name and has put Utterson instead.
Chapter 9 - Dr Lanyon's Narrative
Lanyon's letter that was given to Utterson is read and describes how a small looking man took a potion and turned into Jekyll before his eyes, causing Lanyon to become ill.
Chapter 10 - Henry Jekyll's Full Statement of the Case
Jekyll tells the story of how he turned into Hyde and how he became addicted to his dark side and how it was so powerful it overtook him.
Responding to Poetry
A quick look at BBC Bitesize will tell you what you need to know about how to respond to poetry. If you need things broken down further for you, that's what this is here for!
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One rather important thing to remember when responding to poetry is that while your opinion is important, you also need to include a critical analysis of the poem. Often times, students will do one or the other, usually with the focus on how the poem makes them feel.
You know you are going to be asked to compare two poems for your GCSE. There's no way of getting around that. By mixing your personal response and your critical analysis, you can be sure to hit your AOs.
But first, what is your personal response?
Your personal response goes beyond "I like this poem. It is a good poem." While it's fine and dandy that you like this poem, this doesn't really say anything of substance. I like cats. That means nothing to you, right? But if I said, "I like cats because they have the cutest little paws. You can never tell what they're thinking or if they are planning your murder. Plus, you can give cat's catnip and watch them go psycho for a while." In your mind, you're either going "Miss is right! Cats are the cutest!" or "Miss has no idea what she's talking about. Dogs are the best." Either way, you've formed an opinion off of what I said. You're either agreeing with my personal response or disagreeing to it.
Let's look at an example from BBC Bitesize.
Dusting the Phone by Jackie Kay
I am spending my time imagining the worst that could happen.
I know this is not a good idea, that being in love, I could be
spending my time going over the best thing that has been happening.
Sample response:
We can see that the speaker is 'in love' and she imagines 'the worst that could happen'. This is striking because we imagine being in love as being something that makes people happy. However, the first stanza shows that this isn't always the case and that love can make someone anxious and worried.
What do you notice?
The response uses the pronoun 'we'. This is because the response writer is referring to themselves as part of the collective "reader". Not once has the response writer used "we know this because". That is implied information. This personal response is built around textual references and opinions that we can make based off the text. The response writer forms an opinion and backs it up with references from the text.
When forming your response or opinion to the poem, here are some questions to keep in mind.
- how does the poem make me feel?
- are there particular parts of the poem that stand out to me? why?
- what is the poet saying or how is the poet expressing themselves to make me feel this way?
- are there other ways someone might interpret the poem?
- what are the details that might support another interpretation?
-------------------
So you have your personal response, but now what? You need to think more in detail about the effect on the reader and what the poet is doing to get this effect.
Questions to consider:
- is it clear what the poem is about?
- could the poem be about different things? why do you think this?
- are there key lines or phrases that stand out to you?
- are there clues in the title or start/end of the poem?
-------------------
Structuring a Comparative Essay
There is no way to effectively write this essay without planning it first. Writing without planning is only setting yourself up for failure. It takes 5 minutes to make a plan. Do it.
There are two common structures for comparing poetry. The first is simple but it doesn't allow for much critical analysis. This is:
- Introduction
- Poem A
- Poem B
- Conclusion
While this structure allows you to speak on both poems separately, it was by comparing poetry on different aspects (theme, language, etc) that shows higher thinking.
This is why I suggest using structure B.
- Introduction
- Poems A + B Themes
- Poems A + B Structure
- Poems A + B Language
- Conclusion
The topics of each paragraph can be changed. For example, you can change out Themes with Context.
------
The last thing of note is to remember to see your ideas through. The most common mistake made in your mock exams was that your ideas were there, but they weren't sufficient. Really good ideas were mentioned in passing, as if you weren't sure if they were good enough, but then never mentioned again. Be confident in how you approach the poetry, the language, structure, themes, attitudes, contexts. You've got this!
---------
One rather important thing to remember when responding to poetry is that while your opinion is important, you also need to include a critical analysis of the poem. Often times, students will do one or the other, usually with the focus on how the poem makes them feel.
You know you are going to be asked to compare two poems for your GCSE. There's no way of getting around that. By mixing your personal response and your critical analysis, you can be sure to hit your AOs.
But first, what is your personal response?
Your personal response goes beyond "I like this poem. It is a good poem." While it's fine and dandy that you like this poem, this doesn't really say anything of substance. I like cats. That means nothing to you, right? But if I said, "I like cats because they have the cutest little paws. You can never tell what they're thinking or if they are planning your murder. Plus, you can give cat's catnip and watch them go psycho for a while." In your mind, you're either going "Miss is right! Cats are the cutest!" or "Miss has no idea what she's talking about. Dogs are the best." Either way, you've formed an opinion off of what I said. You're either agreeing with my personal response or disagreeing to it.
Let's look at an example from BBC Bitesize.
Dusting the Phone by Jackie Kay
I am spending my time imagining the worst that could happen.
I know this is not a good idea, that being in love, I could be
spending my time going over the best thing that has been happening.
Sample response:
We can see that the speaker is 'in love' and she imagines 'the worst that could happen'. This is striking because we imagine being in love as being something that makes people happy. However, the first stanza shows that this isn't always the case and that love can make someone anxious and worried.
What do you notice?
The response uses the pronoun 'we'. This is because the response writer is referring to themselves as part of the collective "reader". Not once has the response writer used "we know this because". That is implied information. This personal response is built around textual references and opinions that we can make based off the text. The response writer forms an opinion and backs it up with references from the text.
When forming your response or opinion to the poem, here are some questions to keep in mind.
- how does the poem make me feel?
- are there particular parts of the poem that stand out to me? why?
- what is the poet saying or how is the poet expressing themselves to make me feel this way?
- are there other ways someone might interpret the poem?
- what are the details that might support another interpretation?
-------------------
So you have your personal response, but now what? You need to think more in detail about the effect on the reader and what the poet is doing to get this effect.
Questions to consider:
- is it clear what the poem is about?
- could the poem be about different things? why do you think this?
- are there key lines or phrases that stand out to you?
- are there clues in the title or start/end of the poem?
-------------------
Structuring a Comparative Essay
There is no way to effectively write this essay without planning it first. Writing without planning is only setting yourself up for failure. It takes 5 minutes to make a plan. Do it.
There are two common structures for comparing poetry. The first is simple but it doesn't allow for much critical analysis. This is:
- Introduction
- Poem A
- Poem B
- Conclusion
While this structure allows you to speak on both poems separately, it was by comparing poetry on different aspects (theme, language, etc) that shows higher thinking.
This is why I suggest using structure B.
- Introduction
- Poems A + B Themes
- Poems A + B Structure
- Poems A + B Language
- Conclusion
The topics of each paragraph can be changed. For example, you can change out Themes with Context.
------
The last thing of note is to remember to see your ideas through. The most common mistake made in your mock exams was that your ideas were there, but they weren't sufficient. Really good ideas were mentioned in passing, as if you weren't sure if they were good enough, but then never mentioned again. Be confident in how you approach the poetry, the language, structure, themes, attitudes, contexts. You've got this!
Monday, February 27, 2017
Lord of the Flies - Summary and Significance
Chapter 1 - The Sound of the Shell
Summary
Ralph and Piggy find a conch shell to use to call the rest of the boys.
Ralph is voted as the leader.
Jack was unable to kill the pig.
Significance
Introduction to order and structure
Introduction to conflict over leadership
Chapter 2 - Fire on the Mountain
Summary
Rules are set
Fear of the beast
Working to build a fire that gets too big
Establishing Jack and his choir boys as hunters.
Little boy may have died in a fire but no one acknowledges it.
Significance
Shows danger of situation
Shows lack of logic from boys
Shows little remorse to consequences.
Chapter 3 - Huts on the Beach
Summary
No one helps Ralph build huts.
Conflict between Jack and Ralph over who is helping.
Simon finds peace and tranquility.
Significance
Displays Ralph's lack of leadership skills
Shows lack of maturity among the boys
Displaying conflict between Ralph and Jack (order vs fun)
Chapter 4 - Painted Faces and Long Hair
Summary
Roger throws stones at the littleuns.
Signal fire has gone out just as a ship passes by.
Jack kills a pig but is yelled at by Ralph for letting the fire go out.
Conflict between Jack and Ralph builds (Jack slapped Piggy).
Significance
Jack losing morals
Foreshadowing Jack as barbaric and Ralph as civil.
Chapter 5 - Beast from Water
Summary
Ralph holds a meeting to restore order.
Boys get distracted about beasts.
Everyone follows Jack. Nothing got accomplished in the meeting.
Significance
Fear of beast
Ralph's downfall as leader
Chapter 6 - Beast from Air
Summary
Airplanes battle overhead; dead man parachutes onto island.
Jack and Ralph rebond over searching for beast.
Boys do not take the hunt seriously and make a game of pushing stones into the ocean.
Significance
Conventions of civilization are diminishing.
Jack becomes a more powerful and menacing figure.
Chapter 7 - Shadows and Tall Trees
Summary
Jack and Ralph attempt to kill a pig.
Ralph agrees to go on a hunt to try and solidify his position as leader.
Jack has seen the monster (the dead man in the parachute)
Significance
Ralph gets caught up in the instinctual excitement over hunting and killing.
Power struggle between Jack and Ralph
Ralph forgetting his morals in the hunt is a win for Jack.
Chapter 8 - Gift from the Darkness
Summary
Jack tries to take Ralph's role as leader.
Jack starts his own tribe.
Jack's tribe raids Ralph's fire but invites them to eat meat with them.
Simon has a seizure in the jungle, after spotting the pig head impaled on a stick.
Significance
Jack uses the beast to rule his tribe.
Ralph is in conflict with his morals and his instincts.
Simon's incident indicates the persuasive power of instinct of chaos and savagery the Lord of the Flies represents (pig head, not the book).
Chapter 9 - A View to a Death
Summary
Simon awakens, finds that the beast is just a body, heads to beach to tell others.
Ralph and Piggy dine with Jack who has become king of his tribe.
It starts to rain and Jack's tribe does a wild dance and in the frenzy, kill Simon.
Significance
With Simon's murder, the last bit of civilization has left the island.
Simon's death exemplifies the power of evil within the human soul.
Shows that the boys, except Ralph, Piggy, and Samneric, are inhuman savages.
Chapter 10 - The Shell and the Glasses
Summary
Ralph is taking blame for Simon's murder; Piggy says it was an accident.
Jack attacks Ralph's small group to steal Piggy's glasses.
Significance
Jack now has full power.
Piggy's glasses, a symbol of civilization, are now in Jack's hands.
Major symbols have lost their importance.
Chapter 11 - Castle Rock
Summary
Ralph and Jack fight, Jack captures Samneric.
Roger shoves a rock down the mountainside which shatters the conch shell and kills Piggy.
Ralph escapes into the jungle.
Significance
Ralph is left alone on the island.
Ralph becomes to prey for the hunters to find.
Piggy's death signifies the death of order, structure, rules, civility.
Chapter 12 - Cry of the Hunters
Summary
Ralph destroys the Lord of the Flies
After being chased out of the jungle, Ralph falls to the feet of a naval officer.
Significance
Haphazard fire brought the attention of the naval ship to rescue the boys.
The boy's savagery brings the rescue rather than the order and structure they were hoping to achieve.
Nothing can be as it was before coming to this island.
Summary
Ralph and Piggy find a conch shell to use to call the rest of the boys.
Ralph is voted as the leader.
Jack was unable to kill the pig.
Significance
Introduction to order and structure
Introduction to conflict over leadership
Chapter 2 - Fire on the Mountain
Summary
Rules are set
Fear of the beast
Working to build a fire that gets too big
Establishing Jack and his choir boys as hunters.
Little boy may have died in a fire but no one acknowledges it.
Significance
Shows danger of situation
Shows lack of logic from boys
Shows little remorse to consequences.
Chapter 3 - Huts on the Beach
Summary
No one helps Ralph build huts.
Conflict between Jack and Ralph over who is helping.
Simon finds peace and tranquility.
Significance
Displays Ralph's lack of leadership skills
Shows lack of maturity among the boys
Displaying conflict between Ralph and Jack (order vs fun)
Chapter 4 - Painted Faces and Long Hair
Summary
Roger throws stones at the littleuns.
Signal fire has gone out just as a ship passes by.
Jack kills a pig but is yelled at by Ralph for letting the fire go out.
Conflict between Jack and Ralph builds (Jack slapped Piggy).
Significance
Jack losing morals
Foreshadowing Jack as barbaric and Ralph as civil.
Chapter 5 - Beast from Water
Summary
Ralph holds a meeting to restore order.
Boys get distracted about beasts.
Everyone follows Jack. Nothing got accomplished in the meeting.
Significance
Fear of beast
Ralph's downfall as leader
Chapter 6 - Beast from Air
Summary
Airplanes battle overhead; dead man parachutes onto island.
Jack and Ralph rebond over searching for beast.
Boys do not take the hunt seriously and make a game of pushing stones into the ocean.
Significance
Conventions of civilization are diminishing.
Jack becomes a more powerful and menacing figure.
Chapter 7 - Shadows and Tall Trees
Summary
Jack and Ralph attempt to kill a pig.
Ralph agrees to go on a hunt to try and solidify his position as leader.
Jack has seen the monster (the dead man in the parachute)
Significance
Ralph gets caught up in the instinctual excitement over hunting and killing.
Power struggle between Jack and Ralph
Ralph forgetting his morals in the hunt is a win for Jack.
Chapter 8 - Gift from the Darkness
Summary
Jack tries to take Ralph's role as leader.
Jack starts his own tribe.
Jack's tribe raids Ralph's fire but invites them to eat meat with them.
Simon has a seizure in the jungle, after spotting the pig head impaled on a stick.
Significance
Jack uses the beast to rule his tribe.
Ralph is in conflict with his morals and his instincts.
Simon's incident indicates the persuasive power of instinct of chaos and savagery the Lord of the Flies represents (pig head, not the book).
Chapter 9 - A View to a Death
Summary
Simon awakens, finds that the beast is just a body, heads to beach to tell others.
Ralph and Piggy dine with Jack who has become king of his tribe.
It starts to rain and Jack's tribe does a wild dance and in the frenzy, kill Simon.
Significance
With Simon's murder, the last bit of civilization has left the island.
Simon's death exemplifies the power of evil within the human soul.
Shows that the boys, except Ralph, Piggy, and Samneric, are inhuman savages.
Chapter 10 - The Shell and the Glasses
Summary
Ralph is taking blame for Simon's murder; Piggy says it was an accident.
Jack attacks Ralph's small group to steal Piggy's glasses.
Significance
Jack now has full power.
Piggy's glasses, a symbol of civilization, are now in Jack's hands.
Major symbols have lost their importance.
Chapter 11 - Castle Rock
Summary
Ralph and Jack fight, Jack captures Samneric.
Roger shoves a rock down the mountainside which shatters the conch shell and kills Piggy.
Ralph escapes into the jungle.
Significance
Ralph is left alone on the island.
Ralph becomes to prey for the hunters to find.
Piggy's death signifies the death of order, structure, rules, civility.
Chapter 12 - Cry of the Hunters
Summary
Ralph destroys the Lord of the Flies
After being chased out of the jungle, Ralph falls to the feet of a naval officer.
Significance
Haphazard fire brought the attention of the naval ship to rescue the boys.
The boy's savagery brings the rescue rather than the order and structure they were hoping to achieve.
Nothing can be as it was before coming to this island.
Wednesday, February 22, 2017
Links Between Poems
In an effort to go paperless, I'm adding this resource online for you to have and revise with. This has information about the links between all of the poems we are going to study. This is a found resource meaning the work is not mine.
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Ozymandias
Thematic or contextual links:
"My Last Duchess" also presents ideas about social control: both Ozymandias and the Duke proudly protect their power.
Voice or formal/structural links:
"Ozymandias" uses a distanced third person speaker, while "My Last Duchess" is a dramatic monologue providing the Duke's voice first hand.
London
Thematic or contextual links:
Like "Checking Out Me History", "London" shows awareness of the oppression of different social groups, but is from the eighteenth century, while "Checking Out Me History" is contemporary.
Voice or formal/structural links:
"London" uses a very measured and regular rhythm and rhyme scheme; "Checking Out Me History" uses two different stanza layouts to present the different social groups it features.
Extract from "The Prelude"
Thematic or contextual links:
Like "Remains", this extract explores the effects of one moment on the mind, but "The Prelude" is strongly influenced by its context of Romanticism.
Voice or formal/structural links:
Both use a first person viewpoint, but the voice in "Remains" is more modern and colloquial.
My Last Duchess
Thematic or contextual links:
"London" also criticizes the structures and system of social class.
Voice or formal/structural links:
"London" openly criticizes the class system using an outsider viewpoint; the Duke's voice relies on the reader to infer Browning's criticism.
The Charge of the Light Brigade
Thematic or contextual links:
Like "Exposure", this poem explores the catastrophic effects of war upon individual soldiers.
Voice or formal/structural links:
Both make strong use of repetition and sound patterning.
Exposure
Thematic or contextual links:
"Bayonet Charge" also presents a soldier's First World War experience, but was written later and not from personal experience.
Voice or formal/structural links:
"Exposure" uses a more formal stanza structure; the more modern "Bayonet Charge" employs more enjambment and less repetition and rhyme.
Storm on the Island
Thematic or contextual links:
The extract from "The Prelude" also explores the power of nature.
Voice or formal/structural links:
Both use a first person voice; neither are broken into stanzas.
Bayonet Charge
Thematic or contextual links:
Like "Kamikaze", this focuses on one moment in wartime, but "Bayonet Charge" describes what happens around that moment whereas "Kamikaze" explores the impact of that moment on the rest of the pilot's life.
Voice or formal/structural links:
Both poems use a third person viewpoint, but "Kamikaze" uses words and phrases that create a storytelling atmosphere while "Bayonet Charge" has a more condensed style, using harsher sound techniques as well as imagery to create its effects.
Remains
Thematic or contextual links:
"War Photographer" also explores the effects of conflict, but while "Remains" focuses on the devastating effects on the soldier, "War Photographer" focuses on the lack of effect on the public, and how the photographer feels about this.
Voice or formal/structural links:
"Remains" uses enjambment between stanzas; "War Photographer" uses end-stopping.
Poppies
Thematic or contextual links:
Like "Exposure", this explores ideas about family and home in the context of conflict. While "Poppies" presents a mother's thoughts on her son's departure for war, "Exposure" features the soldiers' yearning for home.
Voice or formal/structural links:
While both have a first person speaker, "Poppies" uses direct address to include the son.
War Photographer
Thematic or contextual links:
Like "The Charge of the Light Brigade", this is concerned with how the public reacts to conflict.
Voice or formal/structural links:
Both use a third person viewpoint, but in "The Charge of the Light Brigade" the tone is celebratory while in "War Photographer" it is resigned.
Tissue
Thematic or contextual links:
"Poppies" is also about memory, but "Tissues" explores this in terms of records.
Voice or formal/structural links:
Both use imagery related to texture and layering.
The Emigree
Thematic or contextual links:
Like "Checking Out Me History", this explores ideas about resisting the abuse of power.
Voice or formal/structural links:
"Checking Out Me History" uses distinct stanza layouts and dialect; "The Emigree" uses vivid imagery.
Checking Out Me History
Thematic or contextual links:
Like "Ozymandias", this shows a decline of power, but this is explicit in "Ozymandias" while "Checking Out Me History" describes how power is reclaimed.
Voice or formal/structural links:
Both poems use form to highlight meaning: "Ozymandias" is a sonnet which deviates from traditional forms; "Checking Out Me History" uses two different stanza layouts to separate British and Caribbean culture.
Kamikaze
Thematic or contextual links:
Like "Remains", this shows the impact of one moment on a person's like, although in "Remains" this event is in the recent past.
Voice or formal/structural links:
"Remains" uses a strong first person voice, while "Kamikaze" mostly uses a third person speaker to evoke a story-like tone.
-------------
Ozymandias
Thematic or contextual links:
"My Last Duchess" also presents ideas about social control: both Ozymandias and the Duke proudly protect their power.
Voice or formal/structural links:
"Ozymandias" uses a distanced third person speaker, while "My Last Duchess" is a dramatic monologue providing the Duke's voice first hand.
London
Thematic or contextual links:
Like "Checking Out Me History", "London" shows awareness of the oppression of different social groups, but is from the eighteenth century, while "Checking Out Me History" is contemporary.
Voice or formal/structural links:
"London" uses a very measured and regular rhythm and rhyme scheme; "Checking Out Me History" uses two different stanza layouts to present the different social groups it features.
Extract from "The Prelude"
Thematic or contextual links:
Like "Remains", this extract explores the effects of one moment on the mind, but "The Prelude" is strongly influenced by its context of Romanticism.
Voice or formal/structural links:
Both use a first person viewpoint, but the voice in "Remains" is more modern and colloquial.
My Last Duchess
Thematic or contextual links:
"London" also criticizes the structures and system of social class.
Voice or formal/structural links:
"London" openly criticizes the class system using an outsider viewpoint; the Duke's voice relies on the reader to infer Browning's criticism.
The Charge of the Light Brigade
Thematic or contextual links:
Like "Exposure", this poem explores the catastrophic effects of war upon individual soldiers.
Voice or formal/structural links:
Both make strong use of repetition and sound patterning.
Exposure
Thematic or contextual links:
"Bayonet Charge" also presents a soldier's First World War experience, but was written later and not from personal experience.
Voice or formal/structural links:
"Exposure" uses a more formal stanza structure; the more modern "Bayonet Charge" employs more enjambment and less repetition and rhyme.
Storm on the Island
Thematic or contextual links:
The extract from "The Prelude" also explores the power of nature.
Voice or formal/structural links:
Both use a first person voice; neither are broken into stanzas.
Bayonet Charge
Thematic or contextual links:
Like "Kamikaze", this focuses on one moment in wartime, but "Bayonet Charge" describes what happens around that moment whereas "Kamikaze" explores the impact of that moment on the rest of the pilot's life.
Voice or formal/structural links:
Both poems use a third person viewpoint, but "Kamikaze" uses words and phrases that create a storytelling atmosphere while "Bayonet Charge" has a more condensed style, using harsher sound techniques as well as imagery to create its effects.
Remains
Thematic or contextual links:
"War Photographer" also explores the effects of conflict, but while "Remains" focuses on the devastating effects on the soldier, "War Photographer" focuses on the lack of effect on the public, and how the photographer feels about this.
Voice or formal/structural links:
"Remains" uses enjambment between stanzas; "War Photographer" uses end-stopping.
Poppies
Thematic or contextual links:
Like "Exposure", this explores ideas about family and home in the context of conflict. While "Poppies" presents a mother's thoughts on her son's departure for war, "Exposure" features the soldiers' yearning for home.
Voice or formal/structural links:
While both have a first person speaker, "Poppies" uses direct address to include the son.
War Photographer
Thematic or contextual links:
Like "The Charge of the Light Brigade", this is concerned with how the public reacts to conflict.
Voice or formal/structural links:
Both use a third person viewpoint, but in "The Charge of the Light Brigade" the tone is celebratory while in "War Photographer" it is resigned.
Tissue
Thematic or contextual links:
"Poppies" is also about memory, but "Tissues" explores this in terms of records.
Voice or formal/structural links:
Both use imagery related to texture and layering.
The Emigree
Thematic or contextual links:
Like "Checking Out Me History", this explores ideas about resisting the abuse of power.
Voice or formal/structural links:
"Checking Out Me History" uses distinct stanza layouts and dialect; "The Emigree" uses vivid imagery.
Checking Out Me History
Thematic or contextual links:
Like "Ozymandias", this shows a decline of power, but this is explicit in "Ozymandias" while "Checking Out Me History" describes how power is reclaimed.
Voice or formal/structural links:
Both poems use form to highlight meaning: "Ozymandias" is a sonnet which deviates from traditional forms; "Checking Out Me History" uses two different stanza layouts to separate British and Caribbean culture.
Kamikaze
Thematic or contextual links:
Like "Remains", this shows the impact of one moment on a person's like, although in "Remains" this event is in the recent past.
Voice or formal/structural links:
"Remains" uses a strong first person voice, while "Kamikaze" mostly uses a third person speaker to evoke a story-like tone.
Analysis of Ozymandias
About the Author
Percy Bysshe Shelley was a romantic poet. This was a type of poetry that had more to do with abstract ideas and concepts, usually based around nature. He came from a wealthy family and went to Oxford University. He was kicked out for writing about atheism (the belief that there is no God). He was a pacifist, someone who believed in peaceful protests but he lived under the reign of George the Third (who fought wars, waged wars, and wanted a big empire). Percy was the husband of Mary Shelley, the author of Frankenstein.
Analysis
"I met a traveller from an antique land/Who said: Two vast and trunkless legs of stone/Stand in the desert"
This cluster of lines set the scene. The poet says he met a traveler that came across two vast and trunkless legs of stone. Vast means huge, trunkless means there was no body that was attached to these legs. These legs of stone were barely upright. They were eaten away by time and the desert. This shows the futile struggle to survive when no one cares about your upkeep.
"Near them on the sand,/Half sunk, a shattered visage lies, whose frown/And wrinkled lip, and sneer of cold command"
The poet uses "half sunk" to show that this statue is nearly gone. A visage is a face. A shattered visage would then mean an unrecognizable face. It has no purpose. It's broken and useless. The word wrinkled shows that it's old but wise, however this can also display weakness. The poet uses negative words like "sneer" and "cold command" which gives the poem an aggressive sound. It shows that this leader was powerful but arrogant. He could give commands but didn't care about his people.
"Tell that its sculptor well those passions read/Which yet survive, stamped on these lifeless things,/The hand that mocked them and the heart that fed;"
The last line of this cluster has a double meaning. The hand is both making and laughing. It's a pun, people!
"And on the pedestal these words appear:/'My name is Ozymandias, king of kings:/Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!'"
Ah yes, the turning point. This is where we hear the words of the ruler, mighty king Ozymandias (if you can't detect sarcasm through your screen, this is my helpful hint). This sign is a warning point to all other rulers. It shows that he thinks he is the best and the others don't stand a chance of being better. The exclamation point in this line gives off a strong and authoritative vibe which is ironic because no one is listening! (Was my exclamation mark ironic because no one is listening? Yikes). His sign also has references to religion. He is seeing himself and presenting himself as godly.
"Nothing beside remains. Round the decay/Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare,/The lone and level sands stretch far away."
Colossal --> a metaphor for this guy's big ego. "Boundless and bare" refers to a message of loneliness. There is nothing around. It's a vast, empty wasteland with no one around. "Lone and level" sands outlast the structure. This is juxtaposed to the power and ego of the statue. Sand is symbolic of time (think the sand in the hourglass).
Even more analysis:
Lines 4-7 is the sculptor capturing the essence of this man.
Line 11 vs Line 12 = Juxtaposition! It shows his strength will fall. He is temporary. Art is forever.
There is also a possible link to Shakespearean sonnets here. They are both 14 lines, about love (well, love of power really, love of yourself?).
Annotations:
"And on the pedestal these words appear:/'My name is Ozymandias, king of kings:/Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!'"
Ah yes, the turning point. This is where we hear the words of the ruler, mighty king Ozymandias (if you can't detect sarcasm through your screen, this is my helpful hint). This sign is a warning point to all other rulers. It shows that he thinks he is the best and the others don't stand a chance of being better. The exclamation point in this line gives off a strong and authoritative vibe which is ironic because no one is listening! (Was my exclamation mark ironic because no one is listening? Yikes). His sign also has references to religion. He is seeing himself and presenting himself as godly.
"Nothing beside remains. Round the decay/Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare,/The lone and level sands stretch far away."
Colossal --> a metaphor for this guy's big ego. "Boundless and bare" refers to a message of loneliness. There is nothing around. It's a vast, empty wasteland with no one around. "Lone and level" sands outlast the structure. This is juxtaposed to the power and ego of the statue. Sand is symbolic of time (think the sand in the hourglass).
Even more analysis:
Lines 4-7 is the sculptor capturing the essence of this man.
Line 11 vs Line 12 = Juxtaposition! It shows his strength will fall. He is temporary. Art is forever.
There is also a possible link to Shakespearean sonnets here. They are both 14 lines, about love (well, love of power really, love of yourself?).
Annotations:
Happy revising, kiddos :)
Analysis of War Photographer
Before we begin, there was a method for not posting this until the night before class. I was hoping you would take the onus unto yourselves and begin revising and annotating without my help. After all, we have done some annotating as a class, I had assumed that you would have been prepared to do it on your own. That said, it appears we have more work to do with annotating! Keep in mind, you are comparing War Photographer and Remains. There are some obvious connections between the two poems (war, duh), but try to spot the smaller details, things that would take a more critical and insightful view to realise (aka how to get a better mark 😊).
----------------------------------------------------
"In his darkroom he is finally alone/with spools of suffering set out in ordered rows"
Ahh, the stanza we have visited as a class what must be close to a thousand times. I think I repeated this line at least ten times (if your GCSE is on this poem and this quote is not in your memory, I will have failed you). You will notice that for this stanza, my annotations are different from the ones we did in class (I lost my book, definitely a good role model here). Anyways! We have established that a darkroom is where a photographer goes to develop their photos. The presence of light ruins the photograph. There is a lot to be said about this. Perhaps the art of being a war photographer means you need to see the darkness, that having an optimistic and light personality will not allow you to see the full realities of war. Being alone allows the photographer to reflect on what he has seen and photographed. In the second line, we spent loads of time talking about the alliteration but we did not spend time on "ordered rows". With these words, the photographer is trivialising the suffering. The suffering of the victims in his photographs are not important. "Ordered rows" also refers to military graves.
"The only light is red and softly glows,/as though this were a church and he/a priest preparing to intone a Mass."
The fact that the light is red can be a symbol of a few different things. The first being obvious. Thinking about our conversation on connotations, we realise that red is a symbol of blood. When we think of blood we think of war. The photographer refers to himself as a priest. The priest is the person in charge of Christian religious ceremonies and church services. He is considered the "voice of God". Intone here means to recite in song, monotone. Think ritualistic chanting. (Remember our conversation of the religious undertones present in this poem??)
"Belfast. Beirut. Phnom Penh. All flesh is grass."
That last sentence is perhaps my favourite within this poem. We'll get there though.
The poet uses the rule of three here to draw effect to the names of places of war. It also has the aggressive sounds that we associate with war. "All flesh is grass." This is a quote from the Bible. Does grass stay forever? Does a single blade of grass withstand nature's course and survive the harsh winters? No. Life, much like grass, is temporary.
"He has a job to do. Solutions slop in trays/beneath his hands, which did not tremble then/though seem to now. Rural England. Home again"
The first few sentences of this stanza are monosyllabic. This means the majority of the words contain one syllable. This monosyllabic sound shows that the photographer is detached from human emotions. This is heavily juxtaposed with the first stanza. It's as if the photographer is not recognizing the human behind the photos. When we get to "Rural England" and such, we see the breaking of the sentences. Short, snappy sentences to get your attention but to also show the sort of state of mind the photographer is in. When someone is talking in short sentences, their mind is usually frantic with all of their ideas trying to escape at once. They have so much to say but perhaps only a short period. Hmmmm..................................
"to ordinary pain which simple weather can dispel,/to fields which don't explode beneath the feet/of running children in nightmare heat."
The poet is also trying to draw our attention to the fact that the problems we face here are not real problems. They are so small (#firstworldproblems) compared to the hardships faced in war. The poet is again using juxtaposition to compare home to war. She is also linking the soldiers to the children, but children are a symbol of innocence. What does this mean?
"Something is happening. A stranger's features/faintly start to twist before his eyes,/a half-formed ghost. He remembers the cries"
Within these lines, the reader is zooming in on one person. The features starting to twist could suggest pain or perhaps the image is becoming clearer. The poet uses "half-formed ghost" to be ambiguous. As a photo clears, people can look like ghosts. However, this could also be referencing the dead man in the photograph. The photographer is remembering the memory.
"of this man's wife, how he sought approval/without words to do what someone must/and how the blood stained into foreign dust."
To recall a memory so vividly, it must have affected the photographer very strongly. By seeking approval without words, we can assume that maybe they don't speak the same language. However, the photographer could also be using body language to say what words are failing to do. To photograph someone in their last moments is a sensitive subject. At what point does this become wrong? How do you photograph a person dying only to be told by your editor that the photo is not emotional enough to be put in the paper? (These are the questions that keep me up at night.)
"A hundred agonies in black-and-white/from which his editor will pick out five or six/for Sunday's supplement. The reader's eyeballs prick"
The public is only seeing what the editor deems worthy. This raises the question: who is in control of the media? Why are we letting someone else decide what we can and cannot see? If the images are too brutal for the public to handle, does that not mean war is too brutal? If that's the case, why have war in the first place? I have a lot of questions...
"with tears between the bath and pre-lunch beers./From the aeroplane he stares impassively at where/he earns his living and they do not care."
The start of the last line is an echo of line 7. Remember? "He has a job to do"? He is earning his living as if this were a chore for him to do.
Who is they?
SO MANY QUESTIONS!!!!
As promised, here are the annotations. I took the photos with my iPad, so hopefully it's not as blurry as usual. Nah, it's just as blurry. Turns out I have shaky hands.
----------------------------------------------------
"In his darkroom he is finally alone/with spools of suffering set out in ordered rows"
Ahh, the stanza we have visited as a class what must be close to a thousand times. I think I repeated this line at least ten times (if your GCSE is on this poem and this quote is not in your memory, I will have failed you). You will notice that for this stanza, my annotations are different from the ones we did in class (I lost my book, definitely a good role model here). Anyways! We have established that a darkroom is where a photographer goes to develop their photos. The presence of light ruins the photograph. There is a lot to be said about this. Perhaps the art of being a war photographer means you need to see the darkness, that having an optimistic and light personality will not allow you to see the full realities of war. Being alone allows the photographer to reflect on what he has seen and photographed. In the second line, we spent loads of time talking about the alliteration but we did not spend time on "ordered rows". With these words, the photographer is trivialising the suffering. The suffering of the victims in his photographs are not important. "Ordered rows" also refers to military graves.
"The only light is red and softly glows,/as though this were a church and he/a priest preparing to intone a Mass."
The fact that the light is red can be a symbol of a few different things. The first being obvious. Thinking about our conversation on connotations, we realise that red is a symbol of blood. When we think of blood we think of war. The photographer refers to himself as a priest. The priest is the person in charge of Christian religious ceremonies and church services. He is considered the "voice of God". Intone here means to recite in song, monotone. Think ritualistic chanting. (Remember our conversation of the religious undertones present in this poem??)
"Belfast. Beirut. Phnom Penh. All flesh is grass."
That last sentence is perhaps my favourite within this poem. We'll get there though.
The poet uses the rule of three here to draw effect to the names of places of war. It also has the aggressive sounds that we associate with war. "All flesh is grass." This is a quote from the Bible. Does grass stay forever? Does a single blade of grass withstand nature's course and survive the harsh winters? No. Life, much like grass, is temporary.
"He has a job to do. Solutions slop in trays/beneath his hands, which did not tremble then/though seem to now. Rural England. Home again"
The first few sentences of this stanza are monosyllabic. This means the majority of the words contain one syllable. This monosyllabic sound shows that the photographer is detached from human emotions. This is heavily juxtaposed with the first stanza. It's as if the photographer is not recognizing the human behind the photos. When we get to "Rural England" and such, we see the breaking of the sentences. Short, snappy sentences to get your attention but to also show the sort of state of mind the photographer is in. When someone is talking in short sentences, their mind is usually frantic with all of their ideas trying to escape at once. They have so much to say but perhaps only a short period. Hmmmm..................................
"to ordinary pain which simple weather can dispel,/to fields which don't explode beneath the feet/of running children in nightmare heat."
The poet is also trying to draw our attention to the fact that the problems we face here are not real problems. They are so small (#firstworldproblems) compared to the hardships faced in war. The poet is again using juxtaposition to compare home to war. She is also linking the soldiers to the children, but children are a symbol of innocence. What does this mean?
"Something is happening. A stranger's features/faintly start to twist before his eyes,/a half-formed ghost. He remembers the cries"
Within these lines, the reader is zooming in on one person. The features starting to twist could suggest pain or perhaps the image is becoming clearer. The poet uses "half-formed ghost" to be ambiguous. As a photo clears, people can look like ghosts. However, this could also be referencing the dead man in the photograph. The photographer is remembering the memory.
"of this man's wife, how he sought approval/without words to do what someone must/and how the blood stained into foreign dust."
To recall a memory so vividly, it must have affected the photographer very strongly. By seeking approval without words, we can assume that maybe they don't speak the same language. However, the photographer could also be using body language to say what words are failing to do. To photograph someone in their last moments is a sensitive subject. At what point does this become wrong? How do you photograph a person dying only to be told by your editor that the photo is not emotional enough to be put in the paper? (These are the questions that keep me up at night.)
"A hundred agonies in black-and-white/from which his editor will pick out five or six/for Sunday's supplement. The reader's eyeballs prick"
The public is only seeing what the editor deems worthy. This raises the question: who is in control of the media? Why are we letting someone else decide what we can and cannot see? If the images are too brutal for the public to handle, does that not mean war is too brutal? If that's the case, why have war in the first place? I have a lot of questions...
"with tears between the bath and pre-lunch beers./From the aeroplane he stares impassively at where/he earns his living and they do not care."
The start of the last line is an echo of line 7. Remember? "He has a job to do"? He is earning his living as if this were a chore for him to do.
Who is they?
SO MANY QUESTIONS!!!!
As promised, here are the annotations. I took the photos with my iPad, so hopefully it's not as blurry as usual. Nah, it's just as blurry. Turns out I have shaky hands.
Happy revising, kiddos :)
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